Historical Accuracy of Gone with the Wind Essay

In the decades following the civil war, many factors altered the American city. As urbanization and industrialization developed simultaneously, cities were provided with supply of labor for factories and improved transportation. Commercial farming, followed by a shift in population of people relocating from rural areas to more modern cities greatly influenced the evolution of the America city. As well as a significant increase in immigration to the states, these are the most prominent factors influencing the development of the American city. A number of improvements in urbanization and industrialization made the growth of cities possible. Cities gave way to streetcar cities because people had little choice but to live in walking distances. By the 1890s, both horse-drawn cars and cable cars were being replaced by electric trolleys, elevated railroads and subways, which could transport people to urban residence. These improvements in urban transportation made it possible for more people to immigrate into the cities making it even bigger. As cities expanded outward, they also soared upward, since increasing land values in the central business district dictated the construction. Skyscrapers had replaced church spires as the dominant feature of American urban skylines and the buildings mostly had electric lights for commercial purposes. Urbanization and industrialization greatly changed the American city to what it is today. Commercial farming greatly impacted the development of the American city towards the end of the nineteenth century. The need for a massive number of farmhands diminished over time, and forced a majority of people living in rural areas of the states to more modern cities to seek work opportunities. This offered more jobs to be available for the newly arrivals, and in turn shaped how the cities operated. Commercial farmers also contained the ability to raise a single cash crop for the single purpose to make profit. This greatly improved the economy of cities across America. Commercial farming had a prominent change on the American city. As immigration to the states increased to the more modern cities, the cities changed significantly. New immigrants greatly increased the population of these cities, forcing them to expand. The growth of American metropolis was magnificent. In 1860, no city in the United States could boast one million inhabitants. But by 1900, New York held about 3.5 million citizens. A growing immigrant population to meet the increased need for workers led to overcrowding and unsanitary conditions within urban areas. Immigrants also developed ethnic neighborhoods that helped to change the character of the American city. Immigration played an important part into the change of the American city. Many key factors played roles into the evolution of the American cities across the nation. The most prominent of these were the era of urbanization and industrialization, commercial farmers bringing a rich economy to the city life, and newly arriving immigrants forcing the American cities to thrive. All of these factors shaped cities across the states to what they became today.

Computer Based Learning †The Vikings Essay

The paper analyzes the effectiveness of computer based learning, factors that influence the learning process and the means of enhancing the technology towards a better instructional model. The Vikings – a learning package designed for history students is the base for this study. An evaluation of the package, its level of interactivity, the development model, its learning impact, and shortcomings are discussed in this paper. The paper also elaborates the changes in the design that will improve the learning model adopted in the Vikings package. The purpose of this paper is to establish the parameters that affect the learning process and how the computer based learning system can be used to make this learning process an enriching experience for the students. Computer Based Learning – A Brief The conventional classroom is slowly giving way to the computer based training applications that is universally accessible via the Internet. The personalized learning environment that this method offers has great potentials and can influence the learning process to a considerable degree. A successful prototype of this form of learning needs a high level of interactive media in tandem with an effective presentation of content that is simple to use and easy to relate. The market for this medium of learning has witnessed tremendous growth in the recent years with a wide variety of multimedia based learning tools available for the users. The use of multimedia and flash has not only made learning fun but has also facilitated retention and easy understanding of concepts. Many web based learning environments use innovative technologies that have revolutionized the learning process considerably over the past few years. Joyce A. Overfield and Lesley Bryan Lluka(2003) in their research article on evaluation of factors affecting computer based learning observe that computer based learning can be a valuable learning and teaching resource providing consideration is given to the nature of the student group. Availability and accessibility of computers is essential and students are unhappy if the support is lacking. These are some of the views that can aptly explain the effectiveness of the computer based learning system. This learning tool has improved learning experiences to a considerable extent as it does away with tedious conventional system of learning. The emergence of new technologies in this sector has collaborated to create a unique learning model for the students. This has not only set a new trend in learning but has revolutionized the way a student looks at his classroom project. Vikings – The Package The Vikings package is meant for students of history. The objective of the package is to impart historical facts and milestones to the students in a fun filled learning environment that makes the learning process easy and memorable. History has been labeled as a boring subject for many students and it can be a little tricky remembering facts and figures that relate to the distant past. The package uses maps and graphics to instill interest in the learner. The use of grid lines to mark specific study points and provide relevant information to the learner is a key feature of this package. The user needs to click on the relevant grid line to get details of the particular artefact related to the Vikings era. Terms used in the section are highlighted in red – a click on the highlighted term gives the user an explanation of the same. The developers of â€Å"The Vikings† claim that the package is highly interactive and excellent learning tool for students of history. The presentation of historical facts in a manner that facilitates learning is of prime importance in this application. The tool applies the concept of learning through activity and context based learning that ensures the involvement of the student throughout the learning process. This is in sharp contrast to the classroom learning process that is mostly abstract. A review of the two scenario presented below will make the contrast in both the learning modes clearer: Scenario 1: A teacher giving a lecture on the Vikings era and stating the facts verbally where the student has to be very attentive to relate the facts presented before him. Scenario 2: A student going through the Vikings package where a click of the mouse will give him the relevant information – pictorial description and maps on the screen relate to his cognitive senses and learning happens faster. The application uses the interactive instruction model that is designed to elicit some response in the user in the form of a mouse click. The programmed instruction with the aid of well-designed stimuli in the form of graphics acts as the user interface. A few basic factors that set the scenario 2 apart from scenario 1 are learner control, interaction level, learner motivation, collaborative learning, and navigation system that are discussed below. Learner Control Vaughan (1998) has described Computer Based Learning interactivity as empowering the end user of the package by letting them have control of the content and flow of information. The learning tool, â€Å"The Vikings†, simulates an environment where the control over learning is not completely in the hands of the student. The student decides the pace of learning but the path of learning is guided. In scenario 1 the student has to attend classes at the pre-defined timings and the teacher decides the topic of learning. In contrast the application allows the student the liberty to choose his topic of study and the sequence that he wants to follow at his own pace. It has been observed that by handing over the control of learning to the students enhances the learning experience. The advantages of learner control include greater individualization of instruction, increased sense of personal responsibility for learning, and the potential to optimize learning efficiency. (Interactivity: What is it and What can it do for computer based instruction? Terry K Borsook and Nancy Higginbotham-Wheat – Hannafin and Colamaio, 1987). A student who is a quick learner will have no problem going through the package and grasp the contents in one or two sittings. However, a slow learner will need time to grasp the information handed out – but he has the advantage of taking things slow and pacing his learning to his comfort level. The control of the learner over the entire learning process is seen as a positive reinforcement. The application should allow the student to decide his path of learning. An ideal learning application provides regulated control to the learner with the scope of browsing through the modules, set his learning objectives and pace of learning. Any additional related information or links to these should be provided to enable the student to look up on these extra bits of information. This not only enriches the learning experience but also boosts the confidence level of the learner. A systematic approach and relevant content packaged with attractive and compelling presentation will result in a satisfying learning experience. One of the concerns that have been observed is that giving too much of control over the learning experience may not be good since the learner does not know what is best for him. Borsook and Higginbotham-Wheat (1991) state that too much of control in the hands of the learner can shift the locus of control from one party to another and that diminishes true interactivity. Regulated control with guided flow of information is a better option. The Vikings package gives very less control to the student – the flow of information is directed by the package but this is one of the shortcomings of the tool. Allowing more leverage to the learner will make the learning tool more effective as this results in positive attitude towards learning and motivates them towards their learning goals. Interaction level The most effective teaching method involves a high level of interaction between the teacher and the student. A dedicated teacher is one who understands the student’s learning capacity and his shortcomings and guides him through with effective feedback. A two-way communication between the teacher and the student is very effective in the learning process. Computer based learning applications are continually striving to achieve the human to human interactivity level and have been quite successful in this venture with the aid of multimedia based technologies. The level of interactivity in the learning application tool is of prime importance for it to be effective. The representation of information through graphics and on screen presentation is the required stimuli that elicit some sort of response from the user, such as a mouse click. The application tool then responds to the user with relevant data. This process of interactivity in the application makes the learning process effective. Feedback is an integral part of interactivity. Berlo (1960) states in his work â€Å"feedback provides the source with information concerning his success in accomplishing his objective. † A classroom lecture where the teacher gives lecture to the class without class participation is quite ineffective. It is difficult to gauge in such a situation if the learning process was successful. An understanding of the student’s perception of the contents is essential. This is one of the essential features that a learning application tool should incorporate for it to be a successful learning model. The instructional design should take care that the learning model has scope to interact closely with the learner and guide him through the process for effective learning experience. The level of interactivity and feedback element present in â€Å"The Vikings† application is not substantial. A student going through the package is only following instructions that are being presented to him. Statements like â€Å"Click here to begin† and â€Å"Choose your artefact and click on the square to travel back in time† – these are some of the instructions that are provided to the student. This generates response from the student in the mode of mouse-click and the application narrates the relevant contents on the screen. The student needs to go through this text but this does not ensure learning. The application has no way of evaluating if the student has perceived the information presented to him correctly. There is no feedback mechanism that is applied in this model. This leaves the learning model incomplete. Proper feedback and evaluation gives the student a sense of his learning objectives and how much he has succeeded in this direction. Constructive feedback gives the student a clear picture of how much he has learnt, where he went wrong and what he should do to correct his mistake. Modes of interaction between the learner and the learning application model can be identified at different levels. The basic form of interaction is one that presents the stimuli to the learner and elicits some kind of response in the form of a mouse click or key press. A higher level of interaction that ensures the effectiveness of the learning process involves evaluating activities presented to the learner at the end of a module to gauge his understanding and performance level. This form of interaction gives a clear picture of the learner’s progress as feedback. The inclusion of this parameter in the instructional design of the learning application model is vital. Directing the learner to key learning points and providing links to related concepts enhances the quality of learning and promotes better understanding of the subject matter. Instances of such interactivity are problem-solving modules, puzzles, quiz, and brain twisters that ensure active participation from the learner. Engaging the learner in different kinds of activities related to the context enhances the learning process. This not only ensures that the learner has successfully grasped the contents but also increases the effectiveness of the model. One of the benefits of such activities is the interest level that is created in this type of learning environment. Learning becomes a fun activity and not a dreaded cumbersome experience that one goes through reluctantly. Once the interest level is high the learner is ready for more. He is willing to explore the unknown territories in pursuit of an in-depth understanding of the context. The learning process in such cases is unintentional and not deliberate and hence more effective. The multimedia and other high-end technology available have the potential to achieve this dream-learning model. Another key feature that determines the effectiveness of the learning application model is the quality of content. An application may provide all the features of good interactivity and presentation in terms of graphics and display, but a poor quality of content will negate all the rest. A package rich relevant content with suitable links to additional related information will ensure learning effectiveness. This leaves the control of learning in the hands of the learner. An individual may wish to go beyond the realms of his subject matter and explore other related areas in this way. Simulated learning environment in computer-based interaction is another excellent tool for learning. Simulations use selected elements of some world, real or imaginary, which operate together according to rules (Greenblat 1988). In such cases the learner can experience an imaginary sequence in which he can interact and learn. This kind of learning experience is a gradual process where the learner is allowed to make mistakes and learn. Teaching the history of Vikings era using this mechanism is not only an interesting option but also a powerful learning tool. It might be adventurous to move into the Vikings era and view the events of the past unfold in front of the student. The narration of the events in the background in synchronization with suitable graphics and animation will surely captivate the student’s attention and allow for greater learning experience. But it must be kept in mind that simply viewing the events of the past as an audience is not enough – the active participation of the learner is equally important to hold his interest level and retain the subject matter. Learner Motivation Kruse (2007) states that the success of any computer based learning package depends on learner motivation and even the most sophisticated package will fail if it does not motivate the students to learn. Computer games have managed to captivate the user’s attention to such an extent that everything else is forgotten. This is a classic example of motivation and interest that this type of software generates in the user. Educational models too can apply this theory while designing the learning package. The essential ingredient that is required to hold the learner’s attention is the active role of the learner in the learning process. There are several ways of ensuring that the learner actively takes the control of learning in his own hands. The interactivity of the learning package is one of the deciding factors that motivate the learner to proceed. The system should allow the learner to steer the path of learning. Enabling the student to browse the information and guiding him through the learning process will hold the student’s interest and motivate him to learn more. Structuring the learning content into a story telling format with compelling dramatic sequence will keep the student highly engrossed. The absorption of the learning material will be faster and effective. The Vikings package does not include this feature and the presentation of facts is in form of text that the student needs to go through. The effect of presenting the same facts through narration in the background will hold the student’s attention and interest. The ARCS Model of Motivational Design by Keller provides the direction to successful instructional design in this context. The ARCS model identifies four strategic components for motivating instruction. One of the basic parameters for keeping the student interested and motivated in the subject matter is his attention. Computer based learning has an edge over other conventional tools of learning like books in this context. The visibility and presentation of information through attention grabbing graphics and multimedia tool make this a more effective learning platform. Once the attention of the student is on the learning tool the application needs to stimulate the learner’s curiosity that in turn leads to search for answers and in-depth study of the learning module. The relevance of the content is another aspect that is important in learner motivation. This is a more goal centric strategy that appeals to the objective needs of the student. The objectivity of the study needs to be defined so that the student is aware of the purpose behind this learning activity. This keeps the student focused on his goal and helps him in the learning process. The application needs to arrange the information in such a manner that the student finds it easy to approach and understand. The sequencing and relevance of the information presented to him is vital. Correlating the tasks and facts in the learning module need to be very precise. The next step in motivating students is confidence-building strategy. The goal of this mechanism is to instill confidence in the learner that he is on the right track and that his learning objectives are being met. There are various technologies available that can be effectively used to evaluate the student’s understanding level of the module and based on this evaluation effective feedback is given to the student regarding his progress. Tasks for evaluating should range from simple to challenging levels that test the student’s perception. This challenges the student to go from one level to the other and enhances the learning process. The satisfaction of the learning experience is critical for measuring the effectiveness of the overall package. The achievement of meeting the goals of learning forms the base for a satisfying learning experience. Positive reinforcement and constructive feedback mechanism are instrumental in achieving this strategy. The Vikings package will attract the attention of the user with its graphical and pictorial representation but that is not enough. It is difficult to hold the interest of the learner with only graphical presentation of information. The student will very easily get bored with the facts presented in this manner. The package needs to adopt novel strategies to hold the student’s attention for a longer period of time. Use of storytelling mechanism, simulations and activity based learning modules as discussed earlier will motivate the student and enrich the learning experience. Collaborative Learning When students are able to participate in active learning activities, they find the learning more pleasurable and satisfying than non participative events (Fry and Coe,1980). The principle of collaborative learning provides many learning opportunities and enriches the learning experience considerably. A learning environment that allows interaction between the learners is highly conducive. A classroom environment provides this kind of scope to the students where a group of students sharing the same learning goal coordinate with each other, communicate their ideas, and share their understanding of the subject matter. Jonassen (1988) has stated in his works that the effectiveness of any learning environment is based on the types and levels of cognitive and metacognitive activity engendered in the learners. It is widely accepted that learning is enhanced in instructional settings where students are engaged in processing personally relevant content and are reflective during the learning process. Another feature of this learning principle as suggested by Slavin (1997) is that the reward structures inherent in collaborative environments have been found to have a positive effect on student motivation. Computers provide a stimulus for learning by increasing social interactions and cooperation (eg. Hoyles, Healy & Pozzi, 1992). The application of this mode of learning can be effectively used in computer based learning with the aid of various multimedia and authoring technologies available. The Vikings uses one such strategy in its learning application – the principle of situated learning or situated cognition. This is defined as â€Å"the notion of learning knowledge and skills in contexts that reflect the way the knowledge will be useful in real life† (Brown, Collins and Dugiud, 1989). The application is meant for two or more students at a time with the same learning objectives. The discussion of the facts and information between the groups of learners ensures the understanding of the subject matter. The collaboration between the students and the package offer an effective learning environment. One of the discrepancies of this learning principle is that collaborative learning may not have the desired outcome if the learners do not share the learning goals. Exchange of views and ideas may not enrich the learning experience, as some of the learners may not be attentive to what is being discussed around him. History is a subject that explores the past and discovers the roots of civilization and the world. The Vikings application aims to present the facts from the Vikings era to enable the students an understanding of how things were in those times. As such the application should aim at providing facts from the past that enables a better understanding of the world today. The Vikings package can implement some more principles of collaborative learning to create and effective learning environment. Use of interactive multimedia packages that enable the application to converse with the student and provide scope for evaluating the student’s knowledge and understanding of the subject matter is one method. Other methods involve the use of audio and visual depictions that is bound to impact the learner’s cognitive senses.

Ruth Benedict - 1108 Words

Ruth Benedicts anthropological book, Patterns of Culture explores the dualism of culture and personality. Benedict studies different cultures such as the Zuni tribe and the Dobu Indians. Each culture she finds is so different and distinctive in relation to the norm of our society. Each difference is what makes it unique. Benedict compares the likenesses of culture and individuality, A culture, like an individual, is a more or less consistent pattern of thought or action (46), but note, they are not the same by use of the word, like. Benedict is saying that figuratively, cultures are like personalities. Culture and individuality are intertwined and dependent upon each other for survival. The Zunis, according to Benedict, are†¦show more content†¦According to Benedict, it is not important to stress what sets culture and individual apart. It is important to concentrate on what it is that brings them together, It is always a give-and-take. The problem of the individual is not clarified by stressing the antagonism between culture and the individual, but by stressing their mutual reinforcement (253). It is the differences between culture and individuality that allow for a healthy friction to occur. In the process of give-and-take, culture is fed into the individual at a very early age and as the child grows he is able to have feedback into culture (either by adapting or rebelling). When Benedict says that cultures are like personalities she means this figuratively. Benedict seems to blend individuality and culture in The Individual and Culture. Perhaps what Benedict means is that individuality and culture work so closely that they can be confused as the same. His culture provides the raw material of which the individual makes his life. If it is meagre, the individual suffers; if it is rich, the individual has a chance to rise to his opportunity (252). Benedict clarifies perfectly in this statement. Culture acts as the starting point for an individual. If an individual is blessed with the riches of a particular culture, then they are that much better off. However, if a person is not blessed with the riches of their culture, they are at a disadvantage and must workShow MoreRelated Ruth Benedict Essay1093 Words   |  5 PagesRuth Benedict Ruth Benedict’s anthropological book, Patterns of Culture explores the dualism of culture and personality. Benedict studies different cultures such as the Zuni tribe and the Dobu Indians. Each culture she finds is so different and distinctive in relation to the norm of our society. Each difference is what makes it unique. Benedict compares the likenesses of culture and individuality, â€Å"A culture, like an individual, is a more or less consistent pattern of thought or action† (46),Read MoreRuth Fulton Benedict Essay2030 Words   |  9 PagesConsidered a pioneer in her time, Ruth Fulton Benedict was an American anthropologist who helped to popularize anthropology while introducing such terms as culture and racism into common place language. As an advocate against discriminatory attitudes, Benedict advocated for tolerance and individuality within social norms and expectations and sought to determine that each culture has its own moral imperatives. Considered her most f amous written work, Patterns of Culture, Benedict explores the differences betweenRead MoreRuth Benedict813 Words   |  4 PagesAre Ethics Relative? Ruth Benedict: Ethics Are Relative ID # : 0804014743 â€Å"Ruth Benedict: Ethics Are Relative †¦ Morality is culturally relative.† In this paper, I’m going to discuss the argument that the famous American anthropologist, Ruth Benedict, has put forth regarding ‘ethical relativism’. Ethical relativism is the theory that holds that morality is relative to the norms and values of ones culture or society. That is, whether an action is classified as right or wrong depends on the moralRead MoreIs Ruth F Benedict?1946 Words   |  8 PagesRuth F Benedict, one of the first scholars to use the term â€Å"racism† defines it as â€Å"the dogma that one ethnic group is condemned by nature to congenital inferiority and another group is defined to congenital superiority†. Essentially racism is the prejudice and ignorance within individuals that causes them to judge others based on the way they â€Å"look†. Since the early times of Australia, this country has been home to various ethnicities such as the Dutch, British, Chinese and Indians. Although theseRead MoreThe Culture And Concept Of Culture1665 Words   |  7 Pagesparticular approach. I would also like to examine how the current time period in which the cultural relativist approach emerged truly conflicts with the dominant politics. In specifics, I would like to examine Franz Boas himself, but most notably Ruth Benedict, and the paradoxes that have occurred within the period after her publications. Franz Boas (1858-1942) was a famous anthropologist credited with the founding of the cultural relativist approach, which is a major theory within the discipline ofRead MoreFranz Boas : Cultural Anthropology Essay817 Words   |  4 Pagesleft behind no grant theories or left behind and momentous work, he can easily have been called one of the greatest and most pivotal figures in what anthropology is today. Ruth Benedict was one of the people who studied under Franz Boas and eventually inherited his chair at Columbia University. In Patterns of Culture Benedict expresses her shared belief in cultural relativism and uses the Kwakiutl of the Northwest in an attempt to show that each culture has its own moral imperatives that can be understoodRead MoreMorality Essay565 Words   |  3 PagesMorality Is morality relative? Ruth Benedict and James Rachels have opposing views on this conroversial question. Benedict, a foremost American anthropologist who taught at Columbia University (Pojman 370) believes that morality is relative to ones culture and that ones behavior which is deemed moral or immoral is dependent upon cultural norms. Her argument is as such: 1. Different cultures have radically different moral codes 2. There are no objective moral principles i.e. allRead MoreThe Cultural Anthropology : Margaret Mead890 Words   |  4 PagesFranz Boas anthropology classroom Mead decided to become an anthropologist. Soon after wanting to be an anthropologist she received her doctorate at Columbia. She worked along side Franz Boas her mentor in decided to become an anthropologist and Ruth Benedict. Her first work as an anthropologist was in 1925-she set out for the American Samoa. Her main focus in observing the American Samoa was on adolescent girls. She was with them for about a year then went off to an island in New Guinea. Her main focusRead MoreGed 210 Unit 1 Examination Answers960 Words   |  4 Pagesparticular kind of behavior. †¢ values that are accepted by every human society. †¢ a given society’s rules for right and wrong behavior. †¢ individuals who look like the majority of people. 1. In her classic work Patterns of Culture (1934), Ruth Benedict used the terms â€Å"apollonian† and â€Å"dionysian† to describe: †¢ cultural â€Å"personalities† of pueblo and plains Indians. †¢ religious cults of northern and southern Greece. †¢ rituals of warfare and celebration in the South Pacifi †¢ contrasting modelsRead MoreThe Culture of Today and the Dionysian Society Essays646 Words   |  3 Pages Foreseeing the future, pain, drugs and alcohol. It all sounds like elements in the plot of a Hollywood movie. These elements, however, are not of a movie, but of the past of a society. â€Å"The Pueblos of New Mexico†, an essay written by Ruth Benedict talks of these different societies. Dionysian, derived from the Greek god of wine Dionysus, perceives values through â€Å"the annihilation of the ordinary bounds and limits of existence† (517). The Dionysian culture holds values that approve recklessness

Introduction Of Management And Management - 935 Words

INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT ACCONTING OVERRATE PLC Management meeting Small, medium or large companies, have one thing in common, make profit, and to make profit we need to make sure that the income has covered all the costs. There are two types of costs, the direct ones, which are easy to identify as they are â€Å"directly† referred, linked to the product or service, which can be traced directly, straight and fully to the product, (e.g. material cost, labour cost, direct expenses, which are known as prime cost as well), generally, direct cost are considered, variable cost, as the cost increase when quantity/output increases, and indirect cost (overheads), which are not directly related with the production, but they are needed to proceed with the production, for example, in a coat manufacturing company, the leather is seen as direct cost, because is a prime material needed for the production, and traceable, while, for example, light and heating are not directly part of the final coat, but they were still necessary in order to finish the product, indirect cost are considered fix cost, as they do not change, if the production quantity increases or decreases. So the reason why, companies normally charge indirect costs in addition to the direct ones, is to determine the total cost per unit (known as absorption), for then decide a selling price, so the income can cover all the expenses, thus generate profit. Absorption costing: â€Å"means that all of the manufacturing cost areShow MoreRelatedIntroduction to Management2960 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction to Management Management nowadays can be seen as one of the most important factors to determine the success of one’s organisation or any business activities. Donnelly et al, (1987) emphasized that there are two important reasons on why we should study about management. The first reason is modern society today depends on specialised institutions and organisations to provide goods and services that we desire daily. These organisations are guided and directed by decisions of one or moreRead MoreIntroduction to Management999 Words   |  4 PagesThe formation of organization implies that a leader should take the role to control the activities of the group; the work done by the leader is what we call management. Organization and the definition of Management Organization is formed by a group of people who work together. No matter the organization is a profit making ones or non-profit making ones, its formations are to achieve a common purpose or variety of goals, which are the desired future outcomes. The outcomes might be producing aRead MoreIntroduction to Management5240 Words   |  21 Pagesget product discount, bonuses, incentive programs, training, and employee stock ownership plans however salaried worker should be rewarded too through recognition award system or giving out vouchers to the non salaried workers. Management team The management team would be lead by all the executives and presidents in the company who has and extensive experience in managing and executing the Panera business. Mainly to manage all the important sectors like the Concept, Development, Joint VentureRead MoreIntroduction to Program Management1280 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Program Management by Name Course Professors Name University Date Table of Contents INTRODUCTION †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 NEED FOR PROGRAM MANAGEMENT TODAY †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT vs. PORTLIO AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..... 5 ORGANIZATIONS THAT COULD BENEFIT FROM PROGRAM MANAGEMENT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 INDUSTRY SECTOR THAT PROGRAM MANAGEMENT WOULD BE MOST BENEFICIAL †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.... 6 JUSTIFICATION FOR INTRODUCTION OF PROGRAM MANAGEMENT †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 CONCLUSIONRead MoreIntroduction to Distribution Management1190 Words   |  5 PagesDistribution Management Introduction to What do we mean by Logistics? †¢ Logistics concerns itself with the movement of the physical flow which begins with the source of supply and ends at the point of consumption. †¢ Logistics is also concerned with: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Plant and warehouse location Inventory levels Production scheduling Materials management Storage Customer order processing Inwards and outwards freight and †¢ Distribution channels. History of warehouse †¢ In early writingsRead MoreIntroduction to Contract Management1025 Words   |  5 Pages1.0 INTRODUCTION TO CONTRACT MANAGEMENT A contract is an agreement having a lawful object entered into voluntarily by two or more parties, each of whom intends to create one or more legal obligations between or among them. The elements of a contract are offer and acceptance by competent persons having legal capacity who exchanges consideration to create mutuality of obligation. i.e. 1. Offer and Acceptance 2. Competent Persons 3. Consideration 4. Mutual Obligation 5. LawfulRead MoreAn Introduction to Management Styles3058 Words   |  13 PagesUnit 4001 - An Introduction to Management Styles 1. Be able to understand assumptions about human nature and managerial behaviour. 1.1 Identify models which make suppositions about human nature and behaviour at work Theory X and Theory Y represent two sets of assumptions about human nature and human behaviour that are relevant to the practice of management. They describe two contrasting models of workforce motivation. Theory X represents a negative view on of human nature that assumes individualsRead MoreIntroduction to Management Organisations2209 Words   |  9 Pages*BUS1001 Introduction to Management Organisations E*ssay for Semester 1, 2008/9 According to Pettinger (2002), management can variously be defined as a ‘science, profession and art’ and ‘its status lies somewhere between the three ‘with strong elements of each’. Is management a profession were you could qualify in like a doctor, is it science were there’s only â€Å"one best way to manage† (Bennet, Roger (1994)) or is it a skill/ personality in which a manager is has it in their genes from birthRead MoreIntroduction to Finanacial Management2678 Words   |  11 PagesChapter – 1 INTRODUCTION TO FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT MEANING AND DEFINITION OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT According to the Encyclopedia of Social Sciences, Corporate finance deals with the financial problems of corporate enterprises. Problems include financial aspects of the promotion of new enterprises and their administration during early development, the accounting problems connected with the distinction between capital and income, the administrative questions created by growth and expansionRead MoreIntroduction to Financial Management2309 Words   |  10 PagesMGT201 (Financial Management) MGT201 Lecture No. 01 Introduction to Financial Management Learning objectives: The purpose of this lecture is to provide you with an overview of financial management. After finishing this lecture, you would be able to have a better understanding of the following. Definition of financial management Significance of financial management for non-finance students and professionals Important concepts and areas in financial management The position of financial managers

The Syrian Crisis Essay - 903 Words

The current state of the Syrian crisis may not be as volatile as before, but there is indeed a great deal of tension that remains. Civilian targeted warfare not only violates UN law, it violates human law. Real humans today are experiencing damage to their communities, both structural and population wise, while also living through a dilapidated and corrupt government. Because of the poor nature of these societies, rebuilding has gone very slowly, leaving people in the cold and alone. Many things can be pointed to this issue of human dignity. â€Å"People with their limbs blown off, children in terrible pain with no relief... Imagine a slaughterhouse. This is worse. Even a slaughterhouse is more humane.† (Shaheem, 2). The violence seen in†¦show more content†¦When international law is broken, the current reality of those in the situation rapidly deteriorates. When laws are being broken and nothing is happening, there is no possible way to estimate or predict the next catastrophe and it’s scale. â€Å"The latest string of attacks on health facilities north of Aleppo appears to be part of a pattern of attacks on medics and hospitals, a strategy that has destroyed scores of medical facilities and killed hundreds of doctors and nurses since the start of the conflict.† (Amnesty International, 3). Thus, targeting hospitals also gives the â€Å"advantage† of a populous not able to sustain it’s own injuries. When people get injured by the bombs and rubble, they will have nowhere to go, leaving those people for dead. This strategy led to the fly-over bombings that killed dozens and dozens of people, and injured many more. â€Å"Over the last several years direct, targeted attacks on health care institutions that are clearly civilian facilities have escalated greatly, says Dr. Michael Van Rooyen, an emergency physician and the director of Harvard Humanitarian Initiative.† (Beaubin, 3). This points to the rules of war falling apart. When there are no rules in place, there is no roof for how atrocious acts can become. Without immediate action, the next targets for such bombings may include schools, libraries, and other learning centers. Without essential infrastructure such as these, there will beShow MoreRelatedThe Syrian Refugee Crisis Essay1304 Words   |  6 Pagesevent. In the case of the Syrian refugee crisis, my interest stems from my fascination with the glaring hypocrisy of American exceptionalism that bubbles to surface when the international crockpot of geopolitics turns sour with abhorrently violent dictators and the inevitable civil wars that remove them from power. The Syrian government, under the power of Bashar Hafez al-Assad, has resorted to violence against Syrian citizens who are critical of the government. The â€Å"crisis† we hear about developedRead MoreThe Syrian Refugee Crisis Essay1412 Words   |  6 PagesCurrently, the largest cause of refugees is the Syrian civil war, which has displaced over 2.1 million people. As a country of relative wealth, the United States should be able to provide refuge for many refugees, as well as provide monetary support to the refugees that they are not able to receive. Countries surrounding Syrian, such as Lebanon, Jordan, Turkey and Iraq have taken in the vast majority of Syrian refugees. In some countries, such as Lebanon, Syrian refugees make up over a quarter of theRead MoreThe Syrian Refugee Crisis Essay2252 Words   |  10 PagesThe Syrian Refugee Crisis Conflict, this term has a broad definition that is defined as â€Å"latent tensions and disagreements on the one end and goes to armed and violent clashes (e.g. wars) on the other† (Eroglu Utku, Sirkeci, and Yazgan 2015). This is the root cause of many of the violent wars and crises that have occurred over thousands of years. In more recent times critical conflicts that have occurred throughout the world have had adverse effects globally. It was estimated, by the United NationsRead MoreThe Syrian Refugee And Migration Crisis1423 Words   |  6 Pagestheoretical perspectives or paradigms: realist, liberal-pluralist and critical† (Goldstein et al., 4) This essay will examine two of the three main theoretical perspectives explained in Goldstein et al.’s academic textbook; namely, realist and liberal-pluralist and subsequently match them with the viewpoints expressed in two news articles written on the Syrian refugee and migration crisis. This essay will analyze the article by Canadian Press for the Huffington Post and the article by Patrick KingsleyRead MoreIs The Syrian Refugee Crisis?1139 Words   |  5 Pagesissue I have chosen to write about is the Syrian refugee crisis. I believe this is a pertinent topic of discussion because it is an ongoing issue that is quintessential of conflicts witnessed previously, and unfortunately is likely to be representative of many conflicts to come. This is a morally loaded situation because evaluating what actions are warranted, and even required, is the subject of moral judgements by both nations and individuals. In this essay I shall first offer a descriptive expositionRead MoreThe Ri ght Of Refugees From The Syrian Civil War1590 Words   |  7 Pagescase I will examine how Syrian refugees have faced persecution as a result of generalized violence from the Syrian Civil War. This is the worst humanitarian crisis of our time and millions of Syrians are in need of the world’s help. But who should be responsible for taking on the burden of hosting them? I will argue that the European Union (EU), other European nations, and industrialized nations outside of Europe should work together to provide full-support for Syrian refugees by hosting themRead MoreThe Syrian Refugee Crisis869 Words   |  4 Pages I have evolved as a writer, student, and team member. This is clearly exemplified through the steps my team and I took to complete this essay. We began with plainly discussing all of my members’ ideas, eventually deciding our top three topic choices. Finally, we chose the Syrian refugee crisis as our paper’s topic. From there, we decided that the whole crisis was too broad and I already knew too much about it overall. Fortunately, focusing on Germany would solve both of those obstacles. It wouldRead MoreThe United States Should Accept More Syrian Refugees1300 Words   |  6 PagesIn this paper, I will argue that the United States should accept more Syrian refugees by analyzing Miller and Kukathas’ arguments to reach the conclusion that Kukathas makes a more convincing argument because the freedom of movement argument and the humanity obligations of the United States outweigh the risks of a threatened cultural identity and economic state. The Syrian refugee crisis started in March of 2011 when anti-government groups began to protest against the government. These protests quicklyRead MoreRefugees Of The Un Refugee Agency1526 Words   |  7 Pagesasylum to 10,000 Syrians in the past fiscal year, but that is still not a large number compared to other countries. Such as Canada, which â€Å"with a population barely a tenth the size of the United States’, has resettled three times more Syrian refugees since last fall.† (The Washington Post, 2016). This issue of what to do with refugees is looked at in the three articles that will be discussed in this paper. The three sources that will be examined in this essay are the â€Å"Syrian Refugees† editorialRead MoreA Brief Note On The Syrian Refugee Crisis1573 Words   |  7 Pagesresponse: â€Å"Aleppo? And what is Aleppo?† I wanna talk about the Syrian refugee crisis going on around the world but lets begin with an old saying by Joseph Stalin. â€Å"When one man dies that’s a tragedy, when thousands die that’s a statistic.† Large numbers can feel cold and distant and even kind of comforting because they don t feel like people, and I think that’s the reason much of the world was able to ignore the years old Syrian refugee crisis until recently. But then after thousands of refugees died

Shakespeare should not be taught in schools free essay sample

A word that strikes eye-rolling boredom in the average adult and schoolchild. He is undoubtedly one of the greatest literacy geniuses that ever lived, but many teacher’s, parents, and students have the same question, should we be reading Shakespeare in school? Firstly, I will highlight how inappropriate Shakespeare’s plays are for young audiences. Take Romeo and Juliet for example, This play is a non-realistic tragedy, which at times seems like a comedy or true love story. Where a 13 year old girl and a young man fall in love, get married and then they both commit suicide within a matter of days. I’m sure many parents do not want their children learning about suicide in school, especially if they have ever had anyone affected by suicide. There are many other examples of suicide but also murder in Shakespeare’s plays, Ophelia and Lady Macbeth commit suicide. Othello murders his wife and Macbeth murders his best friends wife and kids, just because he sees Macduff as a threat to his power. We will write a custom essay sample on Shakespeare should not be taught in schools or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Macbeth killed them just because he felt like it and I think this is highly unsuitable for schoolchildren. The use of sexual references throughout some of Shakespeare’s plays is also inappropriate; take the Porters speech in Hamlet and the opening scene of Romeo and Juliet for example. The servants of the Capulet family discuss how they would ‘thrust the maids’ of the Monatgue’s ‘to the wall’. I think this is quite out of place here as it has no affect on the storyline of the play. My second point focuses on Ireland and our literacy levels. Irelands global ranking in literacy has dropped from 5th to 17th. The English curriculum in Ireland should focus on improving literacy levels rather than bombarding students with unfamiliar and difficult language. Look at New Zealand, after removing Shakespeare from their curriculum, New Zealand’s global ranking has gone from 10th in 2011 to 5th in 2013. I’m not saying we should just get rid of every copy of Shakespeare in Ireland, I’m merely saying that we should try and follow New Zealand’s brave example which in turn could possibly improve the curriculum. My final point highlights how boring Shakespeare is for young students. If teachers force their students to study Shakespeare, they will more than likely get no enjoyment out of it. It doesn’t expand their mind because most students don’t understand Shakespeare’s outdated, unfamiliar language Students should study Shakespeare because they want to not because they have to. We don’t write or speak the way Shakespeare wrote so why are we studying him. Also a lot of students get confused because of Shakespeare’s use of double meaning. Words now do not have the same meaning as they did back then. A lot of people zone out when they hear Shakespeare, which almost makes it a chore for students to study. I believe it is because Shakespeare is so important that we wouldn’t study him in school.

Porter’s Five Forces in an International Market Essay Sample free essay sample

This paper discusses and describes Michael Porter’s Five Forces Model. It shows how this theoretical account can be good in developing a scheme for enlargement in new markets. including those runing internationally. And it besides shows that though the Porter Five Forces Model has some defects. it can be utile overall in developing new schemes in concern. We will write a custom essay sample on Porter’s Five Forces in an International Market Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When developing a strategic program in concern. one has to take into history all the many factors that will impact their chosen market. To assist ease this. Michael Porter developed a theoretical account depicting five forces that influence the market. This paper discusses and describes Michael Porter’s Five Forces Model. It shows how this theoretical account can be good in developing a scheme for enlargement in new markets. including those runing internationally. And it besides shows that though the Porter Five Forces Model has some defects. it can be utile overall in developing new schemes in concern. Porter describes these five forces as â€Å"threat of new possible entrants. menace of replacement product/services. dickering power of providers. dickering power of purchasers. † and â€Å"rivalry among current competitors† ( Management Study Guide. 2012. parity. 1 ) . The menace of possible new entrant refers to the menace that a new company may make up ones min d to come in the specified market. This company could be a new start-up. or may be a well-established company looking to diversify. In either scenario. the entry of a new house will diminish market portion and likely cause competition among other houses to recover this lost portion of the market. The hazard of new entrants to a certain market can change depending on barriers to entry such as authorities ordinance. high costs of entry. or trade name trueness. Menace of replacements is the menace of other closely related merchandises ( or services ) that can fulfill a customer’s demand. If there are many near replacements to a merchandise. so this efficaciously sets â€Å"a bound on the monetary value that houses can bear down for their merchandise in an industry† ( Management Study Guide. 2012. parity. 7 ) . If a house sets their monetary value excessively high. so they risk losing clients due to exchanging to another close trade name. Dickering power of providers refers to the power a provider has over a bring forthing house. The provider may be able to asseverate power such as higher monetary values over a bring forthing house. if it is one of few viing providers. But. if there are many providers or the market is really standardised. so the providers may hold s mall or no power over manufacturers. Dickering power of purchasers refers to the impact a purchaser can hold over a certain bring forthing house. In most consumer merchandise markets. purchasers are â€Å"fragmented† and â€Å"no purchaser has any peculiar influence on merchandise or prices† ( QuickMBA. 2010. parity. 25 ) . However in some markets. there may be merely a few or even merely one purchaser. so that the purchaser may hold important power over what a house can bear down for the merchandises or services offered. Rivalry is competition between houses within the same industry to command a larger market portion. This competition can be â€Å"cutthroat. intense. moderate. or weak. based on the firms’ aggressiveness in trying to derive an advantage† ( QuickMBA. 2010. parity. 6 ) . Firms will utilize tactics such as â€Å"raising or take downing prices† or â€Å"exploiting relationships with suppliers† in order to take a larger portion of the market ( parity. 7 ) . Porter’s five forces theoretical account should be considered whenever developing a scheme for come ining any new market. There are so many factors to see when come ining a new and different market. one can utilize this theoretical account to travel through and carefully see these forces when be aftering a scheme. This theoretical account can be utile as a guideline to do one consider all possible factors. including 1s that they may non hold considered beforehand. particularly for a really different international market. One factor that this theoretical account covers that would be extremely in of import to international enlargement is authorities ordinance as a barrier to entry. When traveling into an international market. where the Torahs and authorities ordinance can be significantly different than one’s place state. one should analyze the ordinances really closely to do certain that while run intoing all ordinances. the venture will still stay profitable. This is merely one of many factors covered by this theoretical account that would be good to analyze in sing an international enlargement. Although Porter’s theoretical account is good in many ways. it besides has its defects like any other concern theoretical account. The theoretical account ignores complementaries. which â€Å"refers to the trust that develops between the companies whose merchandises work is in combination with each other† ( Management Study Guide. 2012. parity. 9 ) . The theoretical account besides â€Å"overlooks the function of invention every bit good as the significance of single house differences. † which â€Å"presents a dead position of competition† ( parity. 9 ) . As stated. this paper discusses and describes Michael Porter’s Five Forces Model. It shows how this theoretical account can be good in developing a scheme for enlargement in new markets. including those runing internationally. And it besides shows that though the Porter Five Forces Model has some defects. it can be utile overall in developing new schemes in concern. Mentions Porter’s Five Forces. ( 2010 ) . QuickMBA: Accounting. Business Law. Economics. Entrepreneurship. Finance. Management. Selling. Operationss. Statisticss. Strategy. Retrieved February 6. 2013. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. quickmba. com/strategy/porter. shtml Porters Five Forces Model of Competition. ( 2012 ) . Management Study Guide – Free Training Guide for Students and Entrepreneurs. Retrieved February 6. 2013. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. managementstudyguide. com/porters-model-of-competetion. htm